AI is changing how we prepare for and respond to disasters. By combining weather models, satellite images, sensors and past data, AI systems can spot danger earlier and help emergency teams act faster.
AI models can use river levels, rainfall forecasts and local maps to predict which neighbourhoods are most at risk and when floods may arrive. These short-term forecasts help authorities decide who to warn first and where to place pumps or barriers.
Machine learning can analyse satellite and drone images to detect smoke plumes quickly and predict how fires may move using wind, vegetation and slope data. These maps guide firefighters on where to deploy crews and where to set safe evacuation routes.
AI can refine forecasts by blending physics-based weather models with historical storm data. When AI outputs are combined with maps of hospitals, shelters and roads, emergency planners can prioritise evacuations and protect critical infrastructure.
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AI needs good, high-quality data and local knowledge. Models should be tested, transparent and explainable so decision-makers trust them. Importantly, AI must support human teams — not replace them. Clear communication with the public and rehearsed evacuation plans are still vital.
In short, AI is a powerful tool for disaster response. When used carefully with experts on the ground, it helps save time, reduce risk and protect communities.
